Objectives: The authors investigated the preoperative factors that may contribute to superior speech performance and the individual differences in multimodal speech perception (auditory-only or auditory-plus-visual) after cochlear implantation (CI). Methods:Thi study included postlingual deaf adults who underwent unilateral CI. Speech test battery consisted of open-set spoken word (mono- or disyllable) and sentence recognition tests in quiet using auditory-only (AO) or auditory-plus-visual (AV) signal presentation. Subjects were categorized into the good (sentence score >50) and poor (≤50) performance groups. Clinical and audiologic factors were compared between the two groups: age, sex, level of education, duration of deafness, duration of hearing aid use, bimodal hearing, PTA, speech test scores, number of channels, number of speech therapy, and patient’s motivation. Subjects were also divided into two group according to visual signal (VS) dependency. The potential predictive factors were compared between the VS dependent and non-dependent groups. Result:Among 43 subjects, 33 (76.7%) belonged to the good performance group. Preoperative word recognition scores could predict superior postimplantation performance. Seventy-four percent of subjects obtained enhanced speech perception when auditory and visual cues were combined. Ninety percent of the subjects in the VS non-dependent group were using bimodal hearing, while 92% of those without bimodal hearing were dependent on the visual cues. All CI recipients with poor sentence scores were dependent on AV signal presentation. Conclusion:We suggest that assessing the speech performance in both AO and AV modalities may better estimate the real-world performance. Those who perform poorly in AO speech perception are likely to benefit from multimodal speech signal. Therfore, postoperative speech therapy should consider audiovisual speech enhancement along with bimodal hearing if possible, especially in listeners showing poor performances in AO speech modality.