목적: Dorsal augmentation material includes alloplastic implants and autologous tissues. Several reports presented surgical outcome using one specific implant material. However, there has been no study which compared the outcomes using different materials by single surgeon. Here we present the comparative data of aesthetic outcomes and complications of dorsal augmentation using of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) and autologous costal cartilage (ACC) in rhinoplasty. 방법:A retrospective review of medical records who underwent augmentation rhinoplasty using ePTFE or ACC from March 2003 to December 2014 was conducted. All operations were performed by one surgeon. The patient demographics and surgical procedures were analyzed. The aesthetic outcomes were evaluated with the numbers from one to four by three otolaryngologists. Postoperative complications were assessed in 5 different categories such as infection, irregularity or resorption, displacement or warping, short nose and cosmetic dissatisfaction. 결과:A total 436 patients were reviewed; 331 cases(75.9%) were primary and 105 cases(24.1%) were revision. The mean aesthetic outcome scores was not different between the two groups; 3.0(±0.87) in ePTFE group and 2.99(±0.76) in ACC group (p=0.904). Complication rate was significantly higher in ACC group; 4.1% in ePTFE group and 8.9% in ACC group (p=0.043). Among various complications, irregularity or resorption were observed in six cases(4.1%) in ACC group, and the rate was significantly higher than with ePTFE group (p=0.027). Mean postoperative period when patients recognized complication was about 1 year after surgery (351 days in ePTFE group and 403 days in ACC group, respectively). There are no significant difference in the aesthetic outcome and complication rate between primary and revision cases (p=0.641). 결론:Dorsal augmentation using ePTFE is acceptable surgical option resulting in lower complication rate and a similar aesthetic outcomes compared with augmentation using ACC.